James White, the Edison Company’s main filmmaker at the time, realized a burst of creativity during his visit to the 1900 Paris Exposition. It’s uncertain who his cameraman was for this journey, but historian Charles Musser suggests that it might’ve been Alfred C. Abadie. In their Paris Exposition films, they introduced tilting (see ‘Panorama of Eiffel Tower’) and, although panning and panoramas had already been around for a while, they introduced some novel functions for them.